Single-Sided PCBs (Single-Layer Printed Circuit Boards) are the most basic type of PCB, featuring a single conductive copper layer bonded to one side of an insulating substrate (typically FR-4, a fiberglass-reinforced epoxy resin). Unlike multi-layer PCBs (which have multiple copper layers), all components (resistors, capacitors, integrated circuits) and conductive traces are mounted on one side of the board, with the other side remaining uncoated—making them ideal for low-complexity, low-cost electronic devices.

The simplicity of single-sided PCBs translates to affordability and ease of manufacturing: the production process involves fewer steps (no layer lamination or via drilling for interlayer connections), reducing material waste and labor costs. This makes them a top choice for high-volume, low-cost applications where circuit complexity is minimal. For example, single-sided PCBs are used in basic consumer electronics like remote controls (to connect buttons, LEDs, and a simple microchip), toys (for motor or light control), and household appliances (e.g., coffee maker control panels) where only simple signal paths are needed.

Key characteristics of single-sided PCBs include limited circuit density (traces cannot overlap, so the board size may be larger than multi-layer alternatives for the same number of components) and simple component mounting (all parts are soldered on one side, simplifying assembly with through-hole technology—though surface-mount components can also be used). They are also lightweight and have good thermal performance for low-power applications, as heat dissipation is straightforward across the single copper layer.

While single-sided PCBs lack the complexity of multi-layer designs, their strengths lie in simplicity and cost. They are not suitable for high-density or high-power devices (e.g., smartphones or EV components) but excel in scenarios where functionality is basic and cost is a primary concern. For manufacturers of entry-level electronics, single-sided PCBs offer a reliable, economical solution that balances performance and affordability—ensuring products meet consumer needs without unnecessary complexity.